TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nitrogen on the selection of food by Phyllobius arborator (Herbst) JF - Journal of Forest Science Y1 - 2008 A1 - Kula, E. A1 - Peslova, A. A1 - Buchtova, D. SP - 17 EP - 23 KW - Phyllobius arborator AB - The selection of a nutritive plant and the consumption of food (Betula pendula Roth) affected by differentiated inputs of nitrogen after the repeated application of ammonium nitrate into soil was monitored at Phyllobius arborator (Herbst) under field (polythene greenhouse) and laboratory (Climacell) conditions. In birch leaves, the content of nitrogen increased. The diameter and height increment was stimulated by the application of 0.5-1 g, higher doses induced stress and the fall of increment. According to the frequency of feeding marks on leaves and food consumption by weevils of the genus Phyllobius in a polythene greenhouse, birch with the higher content of nitrogen was preferred. In laboratory rearing, females showed higher food requirements. In short-term rearing, differentiation did not occur in the amount of consumed food in males and females depending on the nitrogen content. VL - 54 SN - 1212-4834 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stratification and seasonal dynamics of the weevil (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) assemblages in the Northern Caspian semidesert JF - Zoologicheskii Zhurnal Y1 - 2012 A1 - Khruleva, O. A. A1 - Korotyaev, B.A. A1 - Piterkina, T. V. SP - 58 EP - 70 KW - Euidosomus acuminatus KW - Omias rotundatus KW - Omias verruca KW - Phyllobius brevis AB - In 2003-2004, 102 species of five weevil families were found in the steppe and desert associations of the Caspian semidesert (Dzhanybek Station). Representatives of Curculionidae predominated. The majority of the commonest weevil species were most abundant (20) in the steppe associations, only 6 species were found in the steppe ones. The composition of the weevil community sharply changes during spring and summer. The greatest species richness (86 species) is observed in spring. Most of the species dominating in the herbage, both in the steppe and desert communities, are steppe polyphagous broad-nosed weevils with the daytime activity (Euidosomus acuminatus, Omias verruca, O. rotundatus, Phyllobius brevis); their majority are ephemeral species with short adult life. The soil surface layer is dominated by Temnorhinus strabus, Humeromima nitida, Mesagroicus poriventris, Archaeophloeus inermis, and Trachyphloeus amplithorax. In summer, 53 species of weevils are recorded; their numbers on the soil surface sharply drop, all abundant species being restricted to the herbage layer. Ecological characteristics of the steppe and desert weevil assemblages considerably change, and distinctions between these two types of assemblages increase. The correspondence between the characteristics of the vegetation and the dominant species composition is most evident in summer. Weevils feeding on intensely vegetating Medicago romanica (Stenopterapion tenue, Sitona spp., and Tychius spp.) achieve high densities in the steppe herbage; the core of the desert assemblages is formed by species associated with dominating chenopods (Metadonus anceps) and wormwoods (Ptochus porcellus) characterized by late and prolonged vegetation period. VL - 91 SN - 0044-5134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of wood ants on weevil community inhabiting oak trees JF - Journal of Applied Entomology Y1 - 1990 A1 - Ito, F. A1 - Higashi, S. SP - 483 EP - 488 KW - Caebicryptorrhyncus frontalis KW - Cryptorhynchus electus KW - Curculio antennatus KW - Curculio dentipes KW - Curculio minutissimus KW - Curculionoidea KW - Deporaus unicolor KW - Magdalis ruficornis KW - Meotiorrhynchus querendus KW - Myllocerus griseus KW - Neocoenorrhyncus interruptus KW - Phyllobius longicornis KW - Pseudocneorhinus bifausciatus KW - Rhynchaenus japonicus KW - Scythropus japonicus AB - Ant effects on the community of weevils were studied in a Quercus dentata chaparral of Ishikari Coast, northern Japan, where a supercolony of the red wood ant Formica yessensis expands over the dune. A total of 16 species of weevils were collected in the present survey. The dominant species were Myllocerus griseus, Phyllobius longicornis, Rhynchaenus japonicus and Scythropus japonicus, constituting 94% of 2485 individuals collected. The total number was more remarkably reduced in ant-abundant areas than in ant-rare areas. In particular, 3 of the 4 dominant species were considerably depopulated by ants. Adults of S. japonicus and P. longicornis were aggressively expelled or hunted on the trees. In R. japonicus, the adults were rarely attacked, however, leaf-mining immatures were remarkably predated by ants. In contrast with those 3 species, the population of M. griseus was enhanced by the presence of the ants which were almost indifferent to this species but frequently eliminated its competitors. [The following taxa are also mentioned: Deporaus unicolor, Neocoenorrhyncus interruptus, Meotiorrhynchus querendus, Pseudocneorhinus bifausciatus, R. varigatus, R. takabayashii, Curculio dentipes, C. antennatus, C. minutissimus, Magdalis ruficornis, Cryptorhynchus electus and Caebicryptorrhyncus frontalis]. VL - 110 SN - 0931-2048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome complement and meiosis in eight bisexual species of weevil (Curculionidae, Coleoptera) JF - Folia Biologica (Cracow) Y1 - 1995 A1 - Holecova, Milada A1 - Rozek, Maria A1 - Lachowska, Dorota SP - 41 EP - 49 KW - Adexius scrobipennis KW - Lixus cardui KW - Nedyus quadrimaculatus KW - Otiorhynchus opulentus KW - Phyllobius arborator KW - Phyllobius oblongus KW - Polydrusus ruficornis KW - Rhinomias forticornis AB - Karyological investigations were carried out on eight species of bisexual weevil belonging to five subfamilies, viz. - Otiorhynchinae, Brachyderinae, Cleoninae, Hylobiinae, Ceutorhynchinae. The following numbers of chromosomes were found in individual species: 2n = 22, n male = 10+Xy-p in Otiorhynchus opulentus Germ., Phyllobius oblongus (L), Phyllobius arborator (Herbst), Rhinomias forticornis (Boh.). Polydrusus ruficornis (Bonsd.); 2n = 44, n male = 21+Xy-p in Lixus cardui Ol.; 2n = 36, n male = 17+Xy-p in Adexius scrobipennis Gyll., and 2n = 28, n male = 13+Xy-p in Nedyus auadrimaculatus (L.). The heterochromosomes of all species form, in the first meiotic metaphase, a parachute bivalent. The mitoses were observed and analysed in three species. The karyotype of Nedyus quadrimaculatus (L) is constituted by metacentric chromosomes; the karyotypes of Phyllobius oblongus (L) and Rhinomias forticornis (Boh.) by metacentric and submetacentric ones. VL - 43 SN - 0015-5497 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phyllobius arborator (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a weevil new for the fauna of The Netherlands, found on bird cherry JF - Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) Y1 - 2007 A1 - Heijerman, Theodoor SP - 48 EP - 52 KW - Phyllobius arborator AB - The weevil Phyllobius arborator was collected for the first time in The Netherlands, in a forest near Wageningen, Gelderland. The first record dates from April 1999, but in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 many additional specimens were observed and collected from the same locality. Most of the specimens were collected by beating bird cherry (Prunus serotina) and a number of adult individuals were observed eating from its leaves. In this contribution the new Dutch records are presented. It is not clear why the species was discovered only in 1999 and until now has not been found elsewhere in the country. The male genitalia are figured and some data on ecology and distrubution are given. Bird cherry does not belong to the native Dutch flora and was introduced in at the end of the nineteenth century At present bird cherry is an agressive invasive species. The number of insect species associated with bird cherry seems very low, which 4,:migth be explained by it being non-native. Although P. arborator feeds on bird cherry, it seems unlikely that this weevil has potential as an effective biocontrol species against this pest plant. VL - 67 SN - 0013-8827 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neue Beitrage zur Kaferfauna des geschichtlichen Ungarn JF - Festschr. 60. Geburtst. E. Strand, Riga Y1 - 1938 A1 - Hajoss, J. SP - pp. 652 EP - 660 KW - Acalles hungaricus KW - Phyllobiotnorphus KW - Phyllobius KW - Phyllobius argentatus KW - Phyllobius budensis KW - Phyllobius strandi KW - Rhynchaenus hungaricus KW - Tychius 5-punctatus KW - Tychius dieneri VL - 4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elevated ozone modifies the feeding behaviour of the common leaf weevil on hybrid aspen through shifts in developmental, chemical, and structural properties of leaves JF - Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata Y1 - 2008 A1 - Freiwald, V. A1 - Haikio, E. A1 - Julkunen-Tiitto, R. A1 - Holopainen, J. K. A1 - Oksanen, E. SP - 66 EP - 72 KW - Phyllobius pyri AB - In this study, we tested the impact of moderately elevated ozone (O3) - 1.5 x ambient, equivalent to predicted near-future ozone concentrations - on the feeding behaviour of the common leaf weevil Phyllobius pyri L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on two hybrid aspen (Populus tremula x Populus tremuloides (Salicaceae)) clones (clones 55 and 110) differing in ozone sensitivity using the open-air ozone exposure site in Kuopio, Finland. Three host-selection tests (test between treatments, test between clones, and test between treatments clones) with common leaf weevil females were carried out in the laboratory in the 2nd year of ozone exposure. The beetles were offered two (four for the tests between treatments and clones) freshly cut leaf discs from first flush leaves. After 24 h, the beetles were removed and the leaf disc area consumed was measured. In the field, the unfolding of the buds was followed and samples were taken for anatomical and chemical (salicylates, condensed tannins, nitrogen, and water content) leaf analyses. Phyllobius pyri significantly preferred leaves from clone 55 to those from clone 110 in the ambient air treatment, whereas this preference was less evident under elevated ozone. Leaves from ozone-exposed trees were significantly preferred to leaves grown in ambient air. Our results suggest that the preference of clone 55 and of ozone-exposed leaves can be explained by phenotypic properties of the plant and prevailing ozone concentration through shifts in leaf development process, phenolic composition, and leaf thickness. VL - 128 SN - 0013-8703 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variable host phenology does not pose a barrier to invasive weevils in a northern hardwood forest JF - Agricultural and Forest Entomology Y1 - 2012 A1 - Coyle, David R. A1 - Mattson, William J., Jr. A1 - Jordan, Michelle S. A1 - Raffa, Kenneth F. SP - 276 EP - 285 KW - Barypeithes pellucidus KW - Phyllobius oblongus KW - Polydrusus sericeus KW - Sciaphilus asperatus AB - 1 A suite of invasive weevils has established in hardwood forests of the North American Great Lakes Region. We quantified patterns of host availability and the capacity of adults to succeed in a system with high host variability both within and between seasons in Michigan, U.S.A. 2 We quantified phenological development of foliage on three host species (sugar maple, Acer saccharum Marshall; ironwood, Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch; and raspberry, Rubus spp.). We estimated adult abundance using emergence traps and sweep net sampling over 3 years, and compared field host associations with laboratory choice assays. 3 Host plant phenology varied among species, between years, and in their interactions. The four most common weevils, Phyllobius oblongus (L.), Polydrusus sericeus (Schaller), Barypeithes pellucidus (Boheman) and Sciaphilus asperatus (Bonsdorff), emerged in early to mid-June, in approximately that order. After emergence, each species showed evidence of host preference based on their abundances on foliage. Overall, P. oblongus and B. pellucidus were most prevalent on sugar maple, P. sericeus was most prevalent on ironwood, and S. asperatus was relatively evenly distributed. Laboratory choice tests with P. oblongus and P. sericeus confirmed these preferences. 4 These four invasive species comprised over 99% of all 12 845 weevils obtained, suggesting displacement of native species. The optimal sampling methods varied among weevil species. 5 These invasive weevils contend with the highly variable conditions of their environment, and also potential phenological asynchrony, via relatively late emergence, even at the cost of lower host quality. Annual variation is greater for numbers of adults than larvae, suggesting that mortality of late instars or pupae is particularly important. VL - 14 SN - 1461-9555 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory Performance of Two Polyphagous Invasive Weevils on the Predominant Woody Plant Species of a Northern Hardwood Community JF - Environmental Entomology Y1 - 2010 A1 - Coyle, David R. A1 - Mattson, William J., Jr. A1 - Raffa, Kenneth F. SP - 1242 EP - 1248 KW - Phyllobius oblongus KW - Polydrusus sericeus AB - A complex of invasive weevils that consume roots as larvae and foliage as adults have become established in northern hardwood forests in North America. We evaluated adults of the two most prominent species, Phyllobius oblongus and Polydrusus sericeus, for longevity, foliage consumption, and egg production on several putative hosts commonly found in this ecosystem. Adult pairs were monitored in no-choice laboratory assays for the duration of their lifespans on basswood, Tilia americana, ironwood, Ostrya virgimana, sugar maple, Acer saccharum, raspberry, Rubus spp.. or leatherwood, Dirca palustrus Overall, P sericeus lived more than twice as long as P oblongus and lived longer on all hosts. P sericeus consumed more total leaf area than P oblongus on basswood, ironwood, and raspberry, but P oblongus had a higher leaf consumption rate on sugar maple Basswood was a very good host for P sericeus Leatherwood was not a suitable host for either weevil species. The higher longevity and fecundity of P sericeus than P oblongus did not agree with that expected from population data, in that the latter species is substantially more abundant This likely reflects P oblongus' superior performance on sugar maple, the dominant flora in the study area These data provide a basis for estimating the broader impacts of adult weevil feeding. VL - 39 SN - 0046-225X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host Plant Phenology Affects Performance of an Invasive Weevil, Phyllobius oblongus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in a Northern Hardwood Forest JF - Environmental Entomology Y1 - 2010 A1 - Coyle, David R. A1 - Jordan, Michelle S. A1 - Raffa, Kenneth F. SP - 1539 EP - 1544 KW - Phyllobius oblongus AB - We investigated how host plant phenology and plant species affected longevity, reproduction, and feeding behavior of an invasive weevil. Phyllobius oblongus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is common in northern hardwood forests of the Great Lakes Region. Adults emerge in spring, feed on foliage of woody understory plants, and oviposit in the soil. Preliminary data indicate that adults often feed on sugar maple, Acer saccharum Marshall, foliage early in the season, then feed on other species such as raspberry, Rams spp. Whether this behavior reflects temporal changes in the quality of A. saccharum tissue or merely subsequent availability of later-season plants is unknown. We tested adult P. oblongus in laboratory assays using young (newly flushed) sugar maple foliage, old (2-3 wk postflush) sugar maple foliage, and raspberry foliage. Raspberry has indeterminate growth, thus always has young foliage available for herbivores. Survival, oviposition, and leaf consumption were recorded. In performance assays under no-choice conditions, mated pairs were provided one type of host foliage for the duration of their lives. In behavioral choice tests, all three host plants were provided simultaneously and leaf area consumption was compared. Adults survived longer on and consumed greater amounts of young maple and raspberry foliage than old maple foliage. P. oblongus preferred young maple foliage to old maple foliage early in the season, however, later in the growing season weevils showed less pronounced feeding preferences. These results suggest how leaf phenology, plant species composition, and feeding plasticity in host utilization may interact to affect P. oblongus population dynamics. VL - 39 SN - 0046-225X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and Species Variation in Cold Hardiness Among Invasive Rhizophagous Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in a Northern Hardwood Forest JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America Y1 - 2011 A1 - Coyle, David R. A1 - Duman, John G. A1 - Raffa, Kenneth F. SP - 59 EP - 67 KW - Barypeithes pellucidus KW - Phyllobius oblongus KW - Polydrusus sericeus AB - A complex of invasive rhizophagous weevils has established in North American northern hardwood forests. Little is known regarding the overwintering biology of these weevils and thus how cold hardiness and weather affect population dynamics. Field data from winter 2006-2007 showed a decline in larval abundance but an increase in larval weight of the surviving individuals. During winter 2008-2009, we examined several aspects of overwintering biology of Phyllobius oblongus (L.), Polydrusus sericeus (Schaller), and Barypeithes pellucidus (Boheman). Larvae were collected in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and transported in bulk field soil to the University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, for laboratory assays. Supercooling points (SCPs) of P. oblongus and B. pellucidus larvae not in contact with ice were highest in October and lowest in March, but SCPs of larvae that were in contact with ice did not differ among sampling dates. Larval cold tolerance increased over the winter, with 11% of P. oblongus and 40% of P. sericeus surviving 24 h at -12[degrees]C. Few B. pellucidus or P. oblongus survived 30 d at temperatures of -3.3[degrees]C or lower. Body water content increased from January to March in P. sericeus and B. pellucidus. Larval hemolymph from all species showed some thermal hysteresis and hexagonal crystal formation, indicative of low levels of antifreeze proteins or glycolipids. These subterranean-dwelling larvae are buffered from ambient winter temperatures, but our data also suggest low levels of freeze avoidance. We discuss how these overwintering strategies may affect adult population dynamics. VL - 104 SN - 0013-8746; 1938-2901 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A revised checklist of Italian Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) JF - Zootaxa Y1 - 2003 A1 - Colonnelli, Enzo SP - 1 EP - 142 KW - Acentrotypus KW - Acentrotypus laevigatus KW - Aizobius sedi KW - Amalini KW - Apion KW - Aspidapion KW - Aspidapion (Koestlinia) KW - Bagoinae KW - Catapion KW - Ceratapion KW - Ceutorhynchini KW - Ceutorhynchus pallipes KW - Ceutorhynchus talickyi KW - Cistapion KW - Curculionoidea KW - Cyanapion KW - Diplapion KW - Dodecastichus consentaneus KW - Dodecastichus dalmatinus KW - Dodecastichus mastix KW - Dorytomus KW - Eremiarhinus (Depresseremiarhinus) dilatatus - KW - Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis jarrigei KW - Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis luciae KW - Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis peninsularis KW - Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) laesirostris KW - Eutrichapion KW - Exapion KW - Helianthemapion KW - Hemitrichapion KW - Holotrichapion KW - Ischnopterapion KW - Ixapion KW - Kalcapion KW - Larinus ursus KW - Lepidapion KW - Lixini KW - Magdalidini KW - Malvapion KW - Melanapion KW - Melanapion (Rhodapion) KW - Mesotrichapion KW - Metapion KW - Microplontus nigrovittatu KW - Mogulones aubei KW - Mogulones t-album KW - Omphalapion KW - Onychapion KW - Oryxolaemus KW - Osellaeus KW - Otiorhynchus amicalis cenomanus KW - Otiorhynchus anophthalmoides omeros KW - Otiorhynchus anthracinus KW - Otiorhynchus armadillo KW - Otiorhynchus clibbianus KW - Otiorhynchus cornicinus KW - Otiorhynchus fortis KW - Otiorhynchus nocturnus KW - Otiorhynchus nodosus KW - Otiorhynchus pupillatus KW - Otiorhynchus serradae KW - Otiorhynchus strigirostris KW - Otiorhynchus sulcatus KW - Perapion KW - Phrissotrichum KW - Phrissotrichum (Schilskyapion) KW - Phrydiuchus augusti KW - Phyllobius italicus KW - Phyllobius maculicornis KW - Phyllobius pyri KW - Phyllobius reicheidius KW - Phytonominae KW - Pirapion KW - Polydrusus (Chaerodrys) KW - Polydrusus (Eudipnus) KW - Polydrusus (Eurodrusus) KW - Polydrusus armipes KW - Protapion KW - Pseudapion KW - Pseudomyllocerus invreae invreae KW - Pseudoperapion KW - Pseudoprotapion KW - Pseudorhinus laesirostris KW - Pseudostenapion KW - Rhodapion KW - Rhopalapion KW - Rhythirrinini KW - Scardamyctini KW - Squamapion KW - Stenopterapion KW - Styphlidius italicus KW - Synapion KW - Taeniapion KW - Trichopterapion KW - Zacladus AB - Curculionoidea [Checklists / Revised systematic checklist / ] [Italy // Revised systematic checklist & distribution].Curculionoidea (Polyphaga).Styphlidius corcyreus italicus - Osella 1981 (Curculionoidea): [Raisedto, Styphlidius italicus, p. 12].Styphlidius italicus - Osella 1981 (Curculionoidea): [Raised from,Styphlidius corcyreus italicus, p. 12].Acentrotypus - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Acentrotypus), p. 7].Acentrotypus laevigatus - (Kirby 1808) (Apionidae): [Syn nov,Acentrotypus brunnipes (Boheman 1839), p. 9].Aizobius - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Aizobius), p. 7].Apion - Herbst 1797 (Apionidae): [Removal from synonymy, Removal fromsynonymy, Aspidapion (Koestlinia) Alonso-Zarazaga 1990, p. 8,Phrissotrichum (Schilskyapion) Alonso-Zarazaga 1990, p. 8].Apion (Acentrotypus) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Acentrotypus, p. 7].Apion (Aizobius) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Aizobius, p. 7].Apion (Aspidapion) - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Aspidapion, p. 7].Apion (Catapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Catapion, p.7].Apion (Ceratapion) - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Ceratapion, p. 7].Apion (Cistapion) - Wagner 1924 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Cistapion, p.7].Apion (Cyanapion) - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Cyanapion, p.7].Apion (Diplapion) - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Diplapion,p. 7].Apion (Eutrichapion) - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Eutrichapion, p. 7].Apion (Exapion) - Bedel 1887 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Exapion, p. 7].Apion (Helianthemapion) - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Helianthemapion, p. 7].Apion (Hemitrichapion) - Voss 1959 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Hemitrichapion, p. 7].Apion (Holotrichapion) - Gyorffy 1956 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Holotrichapion, p. 7].Apion (Ischnopterapion) - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Ischnopterapion, p. 7].Apion (Ixapion) - Roudier & Tempere 1973 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Ixapion, p. 7].Apion (Kalcapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Kalcapion,p. 7].Apion (Lepidapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Lepidapion, p. 7].Apion (Malvapion) - Hoffmann 1959 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Malvapion,p. 7].Apion (Melanapion) - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Melanapion,p. 7].Apion (Mesotrichapion) - Gyorffy 1956 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Mesotrichapion, p. 7].Apion (Metapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Metapion, p.7].Apion (Omphalapion) - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Omphalapion, p. 7].Apion (Onychapion) - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Onychapion, p. 8].Apion (Oryxolaemus) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Oryxolaemus, p. 8].Apion (Osellaeus) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Osellaeus, p. 8].Apion (Perapion) - Wagner 1907 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Perapion, p.8].Apion (Phrissotrichum) - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Phrissotrichum, p. 8].Apion (Pirapion) - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Pirapion, p.8].Apion (Protapion) - Schilsky 1908 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Protapion,p. 8].Apion (Pseudapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Pseudapion, p. 8].Apion (Pseudoperapion) - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Pseudoperapion, p. 8].Apion (Pseudoprotapion) - Ehret 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Pseudoprotapion, p. 8].Apion (Pseudostenapion) - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Pseudostenapion, p. 8].Apion (Rhopalapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Rhopalapion, p. 8].Apion (Squamapion) - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Squamapion,p. 8].Apion (Stenopterapion) - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Stenopterapion, p. 8].Apion (Synapion) - Schilsky 1902 (Apionidae): [Raised to, Synapion, p.8].Apion (Taeniapion) - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Taeniapion, p. 8].Apion (Trichopterapion) - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Trichopterapion, p. 8].Aspidapion - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Aspidapion), p. 7].Aspidapion (Koestlinia) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Removalfrom synonymy, With Apion Herbst 1797, p. 8].Catapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Catapion),p. 7].Ceratapion - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Ceratapion), p. 7].Cistapion - Wagner 1924 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Cistapion),p. 7].Cyanapion - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Cyanapion),p. 7].Diplapion - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Diplapion),p. 7].Eutrichapion - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Eutrichapion), p. 7].Exapion - Bedel 1887 (Apionidae): [Syn nov, Raised from, Exapion(Ulapion) Ehret 1997, p. 10, Apion (Exapion), p. 7].Helianthemapion - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Helianthemapion), p. 7].Hemitrichapion - Voss 1959 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Hemitrichapion), p. 7].Holotrichapion - Gyorffy 1956 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Holotrichapion), p. 7].Ischnopterapion - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Ischnopterapion), p. 7].Ixapion - Roudier & Tempere 1973 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Ixapion), p. 7].Kalcapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Kalcapion), p. 7].Lepidapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Lepidapion), p. 7].Malvapion - Hoffmann 1959 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Malvapion), p. 7].Melanapion - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Melanapion), p. 7].Melanapion (Rhodapion) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised to,Rhodapion, p. 12].Mesotrichapion - Gyorffy 1956 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Mesotrichapion), p. 7].Metapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Metapion),p. 7].Omphalapion - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Omphalapion), p. 7].Onychapion - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Onychapion), p. 8].Oryxolaemus - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Oryxolaemus), p. 8].Osellaeus - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Osellaeus), p. 8].Perapion - Wagner 1907 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Perapion), p.8].Phrissotrichum - Schilsky 1901 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Phrissotrichum), p. 8].Phrissotrichum (Schilskyapion) - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae):[Removal from synonymy, With Apion Herbst 1797, p. 8].Pirapion - Reitter 1916 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Pirapion),p. 8].Protapion - Schilsky 1908 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Protapion), p. 8].Pseudapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Pseudapion), p. 8].Pseudoperapion - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Pseudoperapion), p. 8].Pseudoprotapion - Ehret 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Pseudoprotapion), p. 8].Pseudostenapion - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Pseudostenapion), p. 8].Rhodapion - Alonso-Zarazaga 1990 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Melanapion(Rhodapion), p. 12].Rhopalapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Rhopalapion), p. 8].Squamapion - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Squamapion),p. 8].Stenopterapion - Bokor 1923 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Stenopterapion), p. 8].Synapion - Schilsky 1902 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion (Synapion),p. 8].Taeniapion - Schilsky 1906 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Taeniapion), p. 8].Trichopterapion - Wagner 1930 (Apionidae): [Raised from, Apion(Trichopterapion), p. 8].Amalini - Wagner 1936 (Curculionidae): [Removal from synonymy,Referred to, With Ceutorhynchini Gistel 1848, p. 9, Ceutorhynchinae,p. 9].Bagoinae - Thomson 1859 (Curculionidae): [Nomen protectum, P. 6].Ceuthorrhynchus speiseri - Schultze 1897 (Curculionidae): [Preoccupiedname replaced by, Phrydiuchus augusti, p. 11].Ceutorhynchini - Gistel 1848 (Curculionidae): [Removal from synonymy,Amalini Wagner 1936, p. 9].Ceutorhynchus pallipes - Crotch 1866 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Synnov, Curculio contractus Marsham 1802, p. 9, Attributable toAlonso-Zarazaga, Colonnelli & Silfverberg, Curculio minutus Reich1797, p. 9].Ceutorhynchus talickyi - Korotyaev 1980 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Ceutorhynchus strejceki Dieckmann 1981, p. 9].Depresseremiarhinus dilatatus - Fabricius 1801 (Curculionidae):[Referred to, Eremiarhinus (Depresseremiarhinus), p. 10, Attributableto Meregalli].Dodecastichus consentaneus - (Boheman 1843) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Syn nov, Syn nov, Dodecastichus consentaneus dimorphus (Solari &Solari 1915), p. 9, Dodecastichus consentaneus latialis (Solari &Solari 1915), p. 9, Dodecastichus consentaneus pentricus Di Marco &Osella 2001, p. 9, Attributable to Magnano].Dodecastichus dalmatinus - (Gyllenhal 1834) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Dodecastichus dalmatinus lauri (Stierlin 1861), p. 9, Attributable toMagnano].Dodecastichus mastix - (Olivier 1807) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Synnov, Dodecastichus mastix perlongus (Solari & Solari 1915), p. 9,Dodecastichus mastix scabrior (Reitter 1913), p. 9, Attributable toMagnano].Dorytomus - Germar 1817 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Syn nov, Syn nov,Dorytomus (Chaetodorytomus) Iablokov-Khnzorian 1970, p. 9, Dorytomus(Euolamus) Reitter 1916, p. 9, Dorytomus (Olamus) Reitter 1916, p. 9].Eremiarhinus (Depresseremiarhinus) dilatatus - (Fabricius 1801)(Curculionidae): [Comb nov, Transferred from Depresseremiarhinus, p.10, Attributable to Meregalli].Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis jarrigei - (Roudier 1959)(Curculionidae): [Comb nov, Transferred from Pseudorhinus, p. 10,Attributable to Meregalli].Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis luciae - (Ragusa 1883)(Curculionidae): [Comb nov, Transferred from Pseudorhinus, p. 10,Attributable to Meregalli].Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) impressicollis peninsularis - (Solari1940) (Curculionidae): [Comb nov, Transferred from Pseudorhinus, p.10, Attributable to Meregalli].Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus) laesirostris - (Fairmaire 1859)(Curculionidae): [Comb nov, Transferred from Pseudorhinus, p. 10,Attributable to Meregalli].Heliomeneini - Gistel 1848 (Curculionidae): [Nomen oblitum, P. 7].Hyperinae - Marseul 1863 (Curculionidae): [Junior synonym, OfPhytonominae Gistel 1848, p. 6].Larinus ursus - (Fabricius 1792) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Syn nov,Larinus carinirostris Gyllenhal 1837, p. 10, Larinus genei Boheman1843, p. 10].Lixini - Schoenherr 1823 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, RhinocylliniLacordaire 1863, p. 10].Lyprinae - Gistel 1848 (Curculionidae): [Nomen oblitum, P. 7].Magdalidini - Pascoe 1870 (Curculionidae): [Nomen protectum, P. 7].Metacinops rhinomacer - Kraatz 1862 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Metacinops calabrus Stierlin 1892, p. 10].Microplontus nigrovittatus - (Schultze 1901) (Curculionidae): [Synnov, Ceuthorhynchus subfasciatus Chevrolat 1860, p. 10].Mogulones aubei - (Boheman 1845) (Curculionidae): [Removal fromsynonymy, With Mogulones t-album (Gyllenhal 1837), p. 10].Mogulones t-album - (Gyllenhal 1837) (Curculionidae): [Removal fromsynonymy, Mogulones aubei (Boheman 1845), p. 10].Otiorhynchus (Pesolanus) - Pesarini 2001 (Curculionidae): [Spelling,P. 10].Otiorhynchus (Presolanus) - Pesarini 2001 (Curculionidae): [Spelling,P. 10].Otiorhynchus amicalis cenomanus - Colonnelli & Magnano 2003(Curculionidae): [Nom nov, For Otiorhynchus amicalis lessinicus(Osella 1983), p. 10].Otiorhynchus amicalis lessinicus - (Osella 1983) (Curculionidae):[Preoccupied name replaced by, Otiorhynchus amicalis cenomanusColonnelli & Magnano 2003, p. 10].Otiorhynchus anophthalmoides istriensis - (Solari 1955)(Curculionidae): [Preoccupied name replaced by, Otiorhynchusanophthalmoides omeros, p. 10].Otiorhynchus anophthalmoides omeros (Curculionidae): [Nom nov, ForOtiorhynchus anophthalmoides istriensis (Solari 1955), p. 10].Otiorhynchus anthracinus - (Scopoli 1763) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Otiorhynchus calabrus Stierlin 1880, p. 11, Attributable to Magnano].Otiorhynchus armadillo - (Rossi 1792) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Otiorhynchus halbherri Stierlin 1890, p. 11, Attributable to Magnano].Otiorhynchus carinatus - (Osella 1983) (Curculionidae): [Preoccupiedname replaced by, Otiorhynchus serradae Colonnelli & Magnano 2003, p.11].Otiorhynchus clibbianus - Colonnelli & Magnano 2003 (Curculionidae):[Nom nov, For Otiorhynchus judicariensis (Osella 1983), p. 11].Otiorhynchus cornicinus - Stierlin 1861 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Curculio laevigatus Fabricius 1792, p. 11].Otiorhynchus fortis - Rosenhauer 1847 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Otiorhynchus fortis valarsae Reitter 1913, p. 11, Attributable toMagnano].Otiorhynchus judicariensis - (Osella 1983) (Curculionidae):[Preoccupied name replaced by, Otiorhynchus clibbianus Colonnelli &Magnano 2003, p. 11].Otiorhynchus nocturnus peetzi - Franz 1938 (Curculionidae):[Emendation, P. 11, Attributable to Magnano].Otiorhynchus nocturnus peezi - Franz 1938 (Curculionidae):[Emendation, P. 11, Attributable to Magnano].Otiorhynchus nodosus - (Mueller 1764) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Synnov, Otiorhynchus nodosus comosellus Boheman 1843, p. 11, Attributableto Colonnelli & Magnano, Otiorhynchus nodosus gobanzi Gredler 1868, p.11, Attributable to Colonnelli & Magnano].Otiorhynchus pupillatus - Gyllenhal 1834 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Syn nov, Otiorhynchus pupillatus angustipennis Stierlin 1883, p. 11,Attributable to Magnano, Otiorhynchus venetus Solari 1947, p. 11,Attributable to Magnano].Otiorhynchus serradae - Colonnelli & Magnano 2003 (Curculionidae):[Nom nov, For Otiorhynchus carinatus (Osella 1983), p. 11].Otiorhynchus strigirostris - Boheman 1843 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Syn nov, Otiorhynchus aterrimus Di Marco & Osella 2002, p. 11,Attributable to Magnano & Colonnelli, Otiorhynchus calvus Fiori 1899,p. 11, Attributable to Magnano & Colonnelli].Otiorhynchus sulcatus - (Fabricius 1775) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Otiorhynchus linearis Stierlin 1861, p. 11, Attributable to Magnano].Phrydiuchus augusti (Curculionidae): [Nom nov, For Ceuthorrhynchusspeiseri Schultze 1897, p. 11].Phyllobius italicus - Solari & Solari 1903 (Curculionidae): [Raisedfrom, Phyllobius pyri italicus, p. 11, Attributable to Colonnelli &Magnano, Fossil].Phyllobius maculicornis - Germar 1824 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Phyllobius maculicornis lucanus Solari & Solari 1903, p. 11, Fossil].Phyllobius pyri - (Linnaeus 1758) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov,Phyllobius vespertinus (Fabricius 1792), p. 11, Attributable toColonnelli & Magnano, Fossil].Phyllobius pyri italicus - Solari & Solari 1903 (Curculionidae):[Raised to, Phyllobius italicus, p. 11, Attributable to Colonnelli &Magnano, Fossil].Phyllobius pyri reicheidius - Desbrochers 1873 (Curculionidae):[Raised to, Phyllobius reicheidius, p. 11, Attributable to Colonnelli& Magnano, Fossil].Phyllobius reicheidius - Desbrochers 1873 (Curculionidae): [Raisedfrom, Phyllobius pyri reicheidius, p. 11, Attributable to Colonnelli &Magnano, Fossil].Phytonominae - Gistel 1848 (Curculionidae): [Senior synonym, OfHyperinae Marseul 1863, p. 6].Polydrusus (Chaerodrys) - Jacquelin du Val 1854 (Curculionidae): [Synnov, Polydrusus (Metadrosus) Schilsky 1910, p. 11, Attributable toColonnelli & Magnano].Polydrusus (Eudipnus) - Thomson 1859 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Synnov, Polydrusus (Chrysoyphis) Gozis 1882, p. 12, Attributable toColonnelli & Magnano, Polydrusus (Thomsoneonymus) Desbrochers 1902, p.12, Attributable to Colonnelli & Magnano].Polydrusus (Eurodrusus) - Korotyaev & Meleshko 1997 (Curculionidae):[Syn nov, Polydrusus (Neoeustolus) Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999, p. 12,Attributable to Magnano]. Polydrusus armipes - Brulle 1832 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Polydrusus armipes faillae Desbrochers 1859, p. 12]. Pseudomyllocerus invreae invreae - (Solari 1948) (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Curculio cinerascens Fabricius 1792, p. 12]. Pseudorhinus impressicollis jarrigei - Roudier 1959 (Curculionidae): [Referred to, Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus), p. 10, Attributable to Meregalli]. Pseudorhinus impressicollis luciae - Ragusa 1883 (Curculionidae): [Referred to, Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus), p. 10, Attributable to Meregalli]. Pseudorhinus impressicollis peninsularis - Solari 1940 (Curculionidae): [Referred to, Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus), p. 10, Attributable to Meregalli]. Pseudorhinus laesirostris - Fairmaire 1859 (Curculionidae): [Referred to, Eremiarhinus (Pseudorhinus), p. 10, Attributable to Meregalli]. Rhythirrinini - Marseul 1863 (Curculionidae): [Nomen protectum, P. 7]. Scardamyctini - Gistel 1848 (Curculionidae): [Nomen oblitum, P. 7]. Zacladus - Reitter 1916 (Curculionidae): [Syn nov, Syn nov, Syn nov, Syn nov, Zacladus (Amurocladus) Korotyaev 1997, p. 12, Zacladus (Angarocladus) Korotyaev 1997, p. 12, Zacladus (Gobicladus) Korotyaev 1997, p. 12, Zacladus (Scythocladus) Korotyaev 1997, p. 12]. VL - 337 SN - 1175-5326 ER -