01465nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001400041245014600055210006900201260000800270300001000278490000800288520065800296653003000954653001500984653002500999653002501024653002201049100002001071700002101091856013501112       2010                        eng d  a0027-140300aReview of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) type specimens from V. Motschulsky collection preserved in the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University0 aReview of Scolytidae Coleoptera type specimens from V Motschulsk  cSep  a13-210 v1153 aScolytidae type collection of Victor Motschulsky, including types for 19 species, is revised. Types for all Scolytidae species described by Victor Motschulsky with the only exception of the type for Tomicus subelongatus Motschulsky, 1860 were found in the collection. Lectotypes for 19 Scolytidae species are designated. We have confirmed opinion that Phloiotribus subquadratus Motschulsky, 1866 should be excluded from Scolytidae and transferred into Anobiidae nearby genus Xyletinus. One new important synonymy for a widespread tropical ambrosia beetle is established: Xyleborus denticulus (Motschulsky, 1863) = Xyleborus similis Ferrari, 1867, syn.n.10aPhloiotribus subquadratus10aScolytinae10aTomicus subelongatus10aXyleborus denticulus10aXyleborus similis1 aMandelshtam, Yu1 aNikitsky, N., B.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/review-scolytidae-coleoptera-type-specimens-v-motschulsky-collection-preserved-zoological-museum-m-001465nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001400041245014600055210006900201260000800270300001000278490000800288520065800296653003000954653001500984653002500999653002501024653002201049100002001071700002101091856013501112       2010                        eng d  a0027-140300aReview of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) type specimens from V. Motschulsky collection preserved in the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University0 aReview of Scolytidae Coleoptera type specimens from V Motschulsk  cSep  a13-210 v1153 aScolytidae type collection of Victor Motschulsky, including types for 19 species, is revised. Types for all Scolytidae species described by Victor Motschulsky with the only exception of the type for Tomicus subelongatus Motschulsky, 1860 were found in the collection. Lectotypes for 19 Scolytidae species are designated. We have confirmed opinion that Phloiotribus subquadratus Motschulsky, 1866 should be excluded from Scolytidae and transferred into Anobiidae nearby genus Xyletinus. One new important synonymy for a widespread tropical ambrosia beetle is established: Xyleborus denticulus (Motschulsky, 1863) = Xyleborus similis Ferrari, 1867, syn.n.10aPhloiotribus subquadratus10aScolytinae10aTomicus subelongatus10aXyleborus denticulus10aXyleborus similis1 aMandelshtam, Yu1 aNikitsky, N., B.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/review-scolytidae-coleoptera-type-specimens-v-motschulsky-collection-preserved-zoological-museum-mos02546nas a2200253   4500008004100000020001400041245015800055210006900213260001100282300001200293490000800305520162400313653002201937100002001959700002001979700002201999700002102021700002402042700002502066700002402091700002302115700001902138856013502157       2012                        eng d  a0378-112700aDrought-induced positive feedback in xylophagous insects: Easier invasion of Scots pine leading to greater investment in immunity of emerging individuals0 aDroughtinduced positive feedback in xylophagous insects Easier i  cApr 15  a147-1520 v2703 aWe studied the infestation rate of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris by xylophagous insects in relation to distance from forest lakes in eastern Latvia, northern Europe. In summers of 2008 and 2009, we felled 72 pines of approximately 65 years age. Sections of the logs were incubated in insect emergence traps. The trees located near lakes were significantly less infested by xylophagous insects than those sampled at greater distances from the lakes. We also tested the ability of Tomicus piniperda, the most abundant species of xylophagous insects in our samples, to resist the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. The results show that beetles captured near lakes were more susceptible to the fungal infection than individuals sampled away from forest lakes, indicating that the beetles far from lakes afforded to invest more in immunity during the larval phase. During the warmest days in summer the mean maximum ambient temperature was 2.32 [degree]C lower near lakes than away from lakes. Since increased temperatures not only trigger drought stress, but may potentially also cause temperature-sensitive mortality of conifers, a warmer microclimate may lower resistance of pine trees to attacks of xylophagous beetles. In weakened trees, insects can invade more easily resulting in increased investment in immunity in bark- and wood-boring insects. This is the first demonstration of drought-induced positive feedback in xylophagous insects infesting Scots pine. Since bark beetles are common pests of conifers, our results may be important in forest pest management. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.10aTomicus piniperda1 aKrams, Indrikis1 aDaukste, Janina1 aKivleniece, Inese1 aBrumelis, Guntis1 aCibulskis, Raimonds1 aAbolins-Abols, Mikus1 aRantala, Markus, J.1 aMierauskas, Pranas1 aKrama, Tatjana  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/drought-induced-positive-feedback-xylophagous-insects-easier-invasion-scots-pine-leading-greater-inv00613nas a2200181   4500008004500000020001400045245007800059210006900137260001800206300000700224490000700231653001200238653002200250653002200272100002100294700002100315856009500336       2008                        Russdan    a0084-560400aThe first record of Tomicus destruens (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Ukraine0 afirst record of Tomicus destruens Coleoptera Scolytidae in Ukrai  cYanvar-Fevral  a840 v4210aTomicus10aTomicus destruens10aTomicus piniperda1 aKhaustov, A., A.1 aNikulina, T., V.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/first-record-tomicus-destruens-coleoptera-scolytidae-ukraine01950nas a2200157   4500008004500000020001400045245014300059210006900202260001200271300001400283490000700297520131400304653001801618100002201636856013401658       2008                        Engldsh    a0045-506700aFungi associated with Tomicus minor on Pinus sylvestris in Poland and their succession into the sapwood of beetle-infested windblown trees0 aFungi associated with Tomicus minor on Pinus sylvestris in Polan  cOctober  a2579-25880 v383 aThe study identified and measured frequency of fungal species associated with Tomicus minor (Hart.) on Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) in Poland. Additionally, fungal succession in P. sylvestris sapwood was investigated during a 12aweek period following an attack by this insect. Fungi were isolated from five populations of overwintered adult beetles and their galleries with 59 species of fungi being represented among the 2880 cultures obtained. The most frequent species, Ophiostoma canum (Munch) Syd. & P. Syd., Hormonema dematioides Lagerb. & Melin, and Ambrosiella tingens (Lagerb. & Melin) L.R. Batra, appeared to be specifically associated with T. minor. The succesional changes in species composition during a 12aweek period following an attack by T. minor were observed. The pattern of fungal succession in P. sylvestris sapwood essentially agreed with a general scheme of fungal succession in tree sapwood infested by bark beetles. Ambrosiella tingens was the first invader of sapwood and occurred most frequently in its deeper layers. Ophiostoma canum, H. dematioides, and other molds were also often isolated from the sapwood; however, they were most common at a depth of 5amm during the initial phase of fungal colonization. Later, Ophiostoma canum followed A. tingens in the sapwood invasion.10aTomicus minor1 aJankowiak, Robert  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/fungi-associated-tomicus-minor-pinus-sylvestris-poland-and-their-succession-sapwood-beetle-infested01636nas a2200169   4500008004100000020001400041245010700055210006900162260001400231300001200245490000800257520102700265653002201292100001801314700001701332856011701349       2007                        eng d  a0931-204800aFungal flora associated with Tomicus piniperda L. in an area close to a timber yard in southern Poland0 aFungal flora associated with Tomicus piniperda L in an area clos  cSeptember  a579-5840 v1313 aThe association between Tomicus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytinae) and fungi was studied in a Pinus sylvestris L. forest in Mielec-Mosciska. Fungi were isolated from overwintered adult beetles taken from two stands situated in different distance from timber yard. Two media were used for isolation. The results showed great diversity of fungi associated with T. piniperda: 1895 cultures, representing 64 species, were isolated. Penicillia and Hormonema dematioides were the dominant species, found in 20.2% and 17.8% of all beetles, respectively. A frequently isolated ophiostomatoid fungi was Ophiostoma minus. Qualitative and quantitative differences in the mycobiota composition of this insect between two stands were detected. The highest richness and diversity of fungal species appeared in the samples taken from the location where the trees were heavily damaged by shoot-feeding of T. piniperda. Differences were most clear for the pathogenic O. minus, which was a common fungal associate of the insects in this stand.10aTomicus piniperda1 aJankowiak, R.1 aBilanski, P.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/fungal-flora-associated-tomicus-piniperda-l-area-close-timber-yard-southern-poland02451nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001400041245012900055210006900184260001300253300001000266490000700276520168200283653002401965653002201989100002202011700001702033700001302050700001602063700001902079856013502098       2007                        eng d  a1437-478100aThe virulence of phytopathogenic fungi associated with the bark beetles Tomicus piniperda and Orthotomicus erosus in Tunisia0 avirulence of phytopathogenic fungi associated with the bark beet  cFebruary  a51-630 v373 aPhytopathogenic fungi associated with the bark beetles Tomicus piniperda and Orthotomicus erosus were isolated in various pine forests of Tunisia. Tomicus piniperda and its galleries yielded Leptographium wingfieldii, Ophiostoma minus, and Ophiostoma ips. Ophiostoma minus was the most frequent species associated with T. piniperda, in both the attacking and the emerging beetles. It was collected from most investigated forests, whereas O. ips and L. wingfieldii were obtained only from forests located in Central and Northern Tunisia. Frequencies of association with T. piniperda were always low, reaching 11.1% only once, for O. ips. Ophiostoma ips was the only blue stain fungus associated with O. erosus and its galleries. It was found in all the localities, but at a low and variable frequency, exceeding 15% very rarely. The virulence of 16 fungal isolates was tested by single inoculations into Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine) at two localities. Differences were detected among species; L. wingfieldii was the most virulent and O. minus the least virulent species in terms of phloem reaction zone formation and fungal growth in the phloem. In a separate experiment, mass inoculations (400 and 800 inoculations per m2 of bole on 1-m high belts) were performed with two isolates of L. wingfieldii on Aleppo pine and on Pinus brutia (Brutia pine). Three months later, measurements of sapwood status (% of conductive transversal section) and of its specific hydraulic conductivity, as well as of the phloem reaction zone lengths, did not show any isolate or density effect. At these experimental sites, Brutia pines appeared significantly more susceptible than Aleppo pines.10aOrthotomicus erosus10aTomicus piniperda1 aBen Jamaa, M., L.1 aLieutier, F.1 aYart, A.1 aJerraya, A.1 aKhouja, M., L.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/virulence-phytopathogenic-fungi-associated-bark-beetles-tomicus-piniperda-and-orthotomicus-erosus-tu02286nas a2200193   4500008004100000020001400041245010700055210006900162260001400231300001200245490000800257520161400265653002201879100001301901700001701914700001701931700001801948856012601966       2009                        eng d  a0018-067X00aComplex postglacial history of the temperate bark beetle Tomicus piniperda L. (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)0 aComplex postglacial history of the temperate bark beetle Tomicus  cSeptember  a238-2470 v1033 aTomicus piniperda is an economically important pine bark beetle infesting European Pinus spp. stands. We sequenced and analyzed 797 bp of the mitochondrial genome from individuals obtained from 34 populations sampled throughout the European range. We obtained 36 haplotypes, from which a haplotype network was constructed. In the Iberian Peninsula, high-genetic variability was detected with numerous endemic haplotypes. In contrast, the other European populations were less diverse with a single haplotype predominating from the Pyrenees to Scandinavia. Nevertheless, even within Europe, a few populations showed significant amounts of diversity. Four groups were obtained by Spatial Analysis of Molecular Variance, illustrating the regional characteristics of the species. T. piniperda had multiple fragmented refugia in the Iberian Peninsula. These currently isolated populations only partly contributed to postglacial re-colonizations of Northern Europe during interglacials. Nevertheless, few long- range migration events up to Northern Europe were detected, mostly originating from the Pyrenees. In the rest of Europe, the phylogeographical patterns were unclear, because of repeated cycles of contraction and expansion. The genetic analysis showed one glacial refugium in North-Central Europe, whereas other refugia most likely occurred in the Southern Alps, Apennine and the Balkans. The phylogeographical pattern depicted here reflects partly the postglacial history of the beetles' main host tree P. sylvestris. Heredity (2009) 103, 238-247; doi: 10.1038/hdy.2009.48; published online 29 April 2009.10aTomicus piniperda1 aHorn, A.1 aStauffer, C.1 aLieutier, F.1 aKerdelhue, C.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/complex-postglacial-history-temperate-bark-beetle-tomicus-piniperda-l-coleoptera-scolytinae01606nas a2200205   4500008004100000020001400041245008000055210006900135260001100204300001000215490000700225520096500232653001801197653002401215100001601239700001601255700001601271700001201287856010101299       2012                        eng d  a1000-538200aShoot feeding by Tomicus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) on Pinus yunnaensis trees0 aShoot feeding by Tomicus Coleoptera Scolytinae on Pinus yunnaens  cJun 25  a81-840 v403 aTomicus minor and Tomicus yunnanensis are two important pine shoot beetles on Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis Franchet) in Yunnan Province. Shoot feeding and trunk attack are two factors of tree death. The current studies were conducted under field conditions that the beetles were allowed to attack the shoots. Factors influencing shoot feeding by T. minor and T. yunnanensis were discussed. Result shows that there is a remarkable relationship between gallery length and shoot length, and this correlation is also noticeable between gallery length and shoot diameter. Positions of invading holes on the shoots (lower, middle, or upper) attacked by Tomicus determine the gallery length to a great extent, and there is a significant relationship between them. The main influence factors on shoot feeding by T. minor are positions of invading holes, while those on shoot feeding by T. yunnanensis are shoot length, shoot diameter and positions of invading holes.10aTomicus minor10aTomicus yunnanensis1 aGao, Yanfei1 aZhang, Ying1 aZhang, Zhen1 aWu, Wei  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/shoot-feeding-tomicus-coleoptera-scolytinae-pinus-yunnaensis-trees02669nas a2200241   4500008004100000020001400041245017900055210006900234260000800303300001400311490000800325520174100333653002702074653002202101653002502123100002502148700002502173700002602198700002302224700002302247700002202270856013502292       2010                        eng d  a0022-049300aSpecies Composition, Seasonal Activity, and Semiochemical Response of Native and Exotic Bark and Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Northeastern Ohio0 aSpecies Composition Seasonal Activity and Semiochemical Response  cAug  a1187-11950 v1033 aIn 2007, we surveyed the alien and endemic scolytine (bark and ambrosia beetles) fauna of northeastern Ohio, and for the most abundant species, we characterized their seasonal activity and response to three semiochemical baits. In total,5,339 scolytine beetles represented by 47 species and 29 genera were caught in Lindgren funnel traps. Three species constituted 57% of the total catch, including Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), Tomicus piniperda (L.), and Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg). Of the total captured, 32% of the species and [approximately equal]60% of the individuals were exotic, suggesting that exotic species numerically dominate the scolytine fauna in some urban areas. More native and exotic species were caught in traps baited with ethanol alone than in traps baited with other lures. However, significantly more individuals, especially of T. piniperda, D. autographus, Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch), and Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff), and species were caught in traps baited with ethanol plus a-pinene than in traps baited with ethanol alone or the exotic Ips lure. This suggests that among these baits, the ethanol plus a-pinene baits may be useful in maximizing scolytine beetle catches of these species within this region. Species diversity and richness for both native and exotic beetles was greatest in traps baited with ethanol alone. The period of peak trap capture varied depending upon species: X. germanus was most abundant in traps in mid-May and early-August; T. pin iperda in mid-May; D. autographus in early June, mid-July, and mid-September; Anisandrus sayi Hopkins and C. materiarius in mid-May, mid-July, and early September; and I. grandicollis in early April, mid-July, and late September.10aDryocoetes autographus10aTomicus piniperda10aXylosandrus germanus1 aGandhi, Kamal, J. K.1 aCognato, Anthony, I.1 aLightle, Danielle, M.1 aMosley, Bryson, J.1 aNielsen, David, G.1 aHerms, Daniel, A.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/species-composition-seasonal-activity-and-semiochemical-response-native-and-exotic-bark-and-ambrosia02154nas a2200193   4500008004500000020001400045245010900059210006900168260001400237300001200251490000800263520147100271653002201742100001601764700001501780700001701795700002001812856012801832       2008                        Engldsh    a0931-204800aKairomonal responses of Tomicus destruens (Col., Scolytidae) to host volatiles alpha -pinene and ethanol0 aKairomonal responses of Tomicus destruens Col Scolytidae to host  cSeptember  a654-6620 v1323 aThe Mediterranean pine shoot beetle Tomicus destruens is one of the most damaging bark beetles attacking Mediterranean pine forests in southern Europe and north Africa. We studied the attractiveness of the host volatiles [alpha]-pinene and ethanol at a range of release rates, alone or in combination, to T. destruens, in order to develop an attractive lure for the management of this beetle. T. destruens was attracted slightly to the host volatile [alpha]-pinene, but a strong synergistic effect was found in the attraction towards monoterpene when ethanol was added to the bait. The highest catches of T. destruens were obtained by the optimal blend releasing 300 mg/day of [alpha]-pinene and 900 mg/day of ethanol. In contrast to data reported for the related species T. piniperda, Mediterranean pine shoot beetles were clearly attracted to baits releasing ethanol alone (1350 mg/day). trans-Verbenol, which was also added to host volatiles in some tests, did not affect the response. The use of the attractive blend proposed would have a low impact on the natural enemy population of Thanasimus formicarius because of asynchronies in flight periods. Other non-target insects, such as the facultative predator or competitor Oxipleurus nodieri, were also significantly attracted. These results allow the development of an operative lure for the effective monitoring of T. destruens, although improvements by the addition of other host volatiles should be studied.10aTomicus destruens1 aGallego, D.1 aGalian, J.1 aDiez, J., J.1 aPajares, J., A.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/kairomonal-responses-tomicus-destruens-col-scolytidae-host-volatiles-alpha-pinene-and-ethanol02211nas a2200169   4500008004500000020001400045245013400059210006900193260001300262300001200275490000700287520155900294653002201853100001601875700001501891856013501906       2008                        Engldsh    a0947-574500aHierarchical structure of mitochondrial lineages of Tomicus destruens (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) related to environmental variables0 aHierarchical structure of mitochondrial lineages of Tomicus dest  cNovember  a331-3390 v463 aWe investigated here the relation of environmental variables with the distribution of mitochondrial lineages using a bark beetle species of Mediterranean distribution as a model. We analysed a total number of 460 DNA sequences of Tomicus destruens provided by intensive and extensive collection and GenBank entries. We combined phylogeography and regression models to study the role of five environmental predictors at fine scale in the distribution of a local genealogy. The analysis revealed a high genetic diversity, with 52 haplotypes present in Sierra Espuna forest (SE Spain) and 21 haplotypes in the other 14 Spanish populations, all included in the western clade of the Mediterranean phylogeography of the species. We found a micro-distribution of the species related to altitude and putative niche segregation between lineages associated with the micro-environmental conditions of their host pine trees. We compared the phylogeographic hypothesis obtained here with the phylogeography obtained integrating our data with all data published elsewhere. Here, we demonstrate a relation between the environmental heterogeneity and the haplotypic diversity at Mediterranean Basin scale. This analysis allows us to support the evolutionary scenario where the phylogeography and current molecular diversity of T. destruens is a consequence of the recolonization from two principal refugia at both extremes of the Mediterranean Basin and, according to our data, we propose that the heterogeneity of habitats allows fixation of the mitochondrial lineages.10aTomicus destruens1 aGallego, D.1 aGalian, J.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/hierarchical-structure-mitochondrial-lineages-tomicus-destruens-coleoptera-scolytidae-related-enviro03086nas a2200181   4500008004500000020001400045245011600059210006900175260001400244300001400258490000700272520240800279653002202687100002102709700002302730700001702753856013402770       2008                        Engldsh    a0098-033100aResponses of the Mediterranean pine shoot beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) to pine shoot and bark volatiles0 aResponses of the Mediterranean pine shoot beetle Tomicus destrue  cSeptember  a1162-11690 v343 aThe pine shoot beetle Tomicus destruens has two dispersal phases per generation. In the first, mature adults move toward trunks of dying pines to lay eggs; in the second, callow adults move toward the shoots of healthy pines for maturation feeding. However, there is no information on the chemical stimuli that govern host selection by T. destruens adults. The aims of this study were: (1) to identify the volatiles released by shoots and bark of stone pine that are behaviorally and electrophysiologically active on T. destruens; (2) to verify which blends and concentrations of such volatiles are differently active on males and females, as well as on callow and mature adults, during the two host search phases (breeding and feeding). A four-arm olfactometer was used to test the behavior of walking T. destruens adults toward various sources of volatiles including fresh shoots and bark, their collected volatiles, and two synthetic blends. For each odor, the behavior of both callow and mature males and females was recorded individually. Shoot and bark extracts were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and tested by gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography (GC-EAD) on T. destruens males and females. Two blends of two ([alpha]-pinene and [beta]-myrcene; blend A) and three ([alpha]-pinene, [beta]- myrcene, and [alpha]-terpinolene; blend B) synthetic compounds, chosen among those that induce EAD responses and known to be attractive for other bark beetle species, were tested in the olfactometer at five concentrations. Insect behavior was affected by the degree of sexual maturation but not by sex. Callow insects were attracted by shoots and their extracts, while mature individuals by bark and its extracts. Six extracted compounds were active on T. destruens antennae: limonene, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and [beta]-caryophyllene, [alpha]-pinene, [beta]-myrcene, and [alpha]-terpinolene. [alpha]-Terpinolene, released only by bark, was active only on mature insects, whereas (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, released only by shoots, was active only on callows. Males and females showed similar EAD responses. Of the six extracted volatiles, two were attractive for callow adults (blend A) and three for matures (blend B). In both cases, responses were positively correlated with blend concentration, although a repellent effect was noted at the highest concentrations.10aTomicus destruens1 aFaccoli, Massimo1 aAnfora, Gianfranco1 aTasin, Marco  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/responses-mediterranean-pine-shoot-beetle-tomicus-destruens-wollaston-pine-shoot-and-bark-volatiles02259nas a2200157   4500008004100000020001400041245011000055210006900165260001100234300001200245490000800257520167200265653002201937100001601959856012601975       2009                        eng d  a0013-870300aBreeding performance of Tomicus destruens at different densities: the effect of intraspecific competition0 aBreeding performance of Tomicus destruens at different densities  cAugust  a191-1990 v1323 aIn many bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), intraspecific competition is a limiting factor governing their population dynamics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing infestation densities on the breeding performance of Tomicus destruens (Wollaston), one of the main pests of Mediterranean pine forests. Six densities (ranging from 0.25 to 1.50 females dm-2) were tested under laboratory conditions on stone pine logs, assessing the mortality of eggs, larvae, and pupae, and recording the number of emerging adults. Density significantly affected the fertile tract of the maternal galleries, i.e., those containing eggs, which was shorter at densities higher than 0.75. Numbers of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults per female decreased markedly when density increased from 0.25 to 1.5, although differences were statistically significant only at a density of 0.75 and higher. The lowest mortality was found in larvae reared at a density of 0.25 (17.7%) and the highest in pupae at 1.5 (84.8%). Increasing density affected the pre-emergence stages in different ways, with pupae and larvae suffering the highest increases in mortality (39.5 and 163.6%, respectively). The breeding performance of T. destruens (number of eggs laid reaching adulthood) progressively decreased from 17 to 4% with increasing densities, although at low infestation, the mean number of emerging adults per dm2 of bark increased with density, showing a positive trade-off between female fecundity and female density. In conclusion, breeding densities higher than 0.75 female dm-2 decreased female fecundity and elicited high mortality, mainly in larvae.10aTomicus destruens1 aFaccoli, M.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/breeding-performance-tomicus-destruens-different-densities-effect-intraspecific-competition02201nas a2200157   4500008004100000020001400041245010600055210006900161260000900230300001200239490000800251520161100259653002201870100002101892856013001913       2007                        eng d  a0013-870300aBreeding performance and longevity of Tomicus destruens on Mediterranean and continental pine species0 aBreeding performance and longevity of Tomicus destruens on Medit  cJune  a263-2690 v1233 aThe pine shoot beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is one of the main pests of Mediterranean forests, where it is oligophagous on Mediterranean pines. However, possible global warming may make the insect move to higher latitudes and altitudes, allowing it to attack new pine species. In this respect, the aim of the present article was to assess both the acceptance and performance of T destruens offered host and non-host pine species. A no-choice breeding experiment was set up under laboratory conditions, using logs of three Mediterranean (Pinus pinea L., Pinus pinaster Miller, and Pinus halepensis Aiton) and two continental (Pinus nigra Arnold and Pinus sylvcstris L.) pine species. Log debarking at the end of adult emergence assessed parent fecundity egg, and larval mortality. The quality of callow adults emerging from each tested pine was evaluated on the basis of their longevity on a semiartificial diet. Tomicus destruens colonised all tested pine species, but did not reproduce in Scots pine, taking about 79 days to complete development with no differences among pines tested. The best breeding performance, evaluated as female fecundity and adult production, was observed in R halepensis, and the lowest in P. pinaster. On average, adults emerging from P. pinea survived longer (83 days) than from other pines, and adult longevity was the lowest in males emerging from R nigra. Austrian pine, which under natural conditions is usually not a host of T. destruens, allowed insect development and adult production similar to P. pinea and P. pinaster.10aTomicus destruens1 aFaccoli, Massimo  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/breeding-performance-and-longevity-tomicus-destruens-mediterranean-and-continental-pine-species01796nas a2200157   4500008004100000020001400041245015100055210006900206260001500275300001200290490000700302520115300309653002201462100002001484856013401504       2007                        eng d  a0037-927100aAttack strategy of the bark beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston 1865) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) on Aleppo pine in semi-arid areas (Algeria, Djelfa)0 aAttack strategy of the bark beetle Tomicus destruens Wollaston 1  cApril-June  a129-1370 v433 aFemales of Tomicus destruens cause serious injury to Aleppo pines when building their egg galleries under the bark. Group attacks on pine trees by the adult beetles result in tree deaths and consequently pine forest decay. A study of the preferred sites for attacks demonstrated variability between individual trees. Females prefer trees at the northern slopes of the hills. T destruens breeds there more actively and gives more abundant progeny. While on the northern slopes of the hills, the female's choice the bark exposed to the south to bore their galleries. Additionally, both tree trunk diameter and the thickness of the bark were found to be critical factors for selection. Among other factors influencing Tomicus destruens attacks is the age of individual trees. Counting the number of egg galleries and measuring their lengths revealed a strong negative correlation between the density of infestation and length of the galleries. Intraspecific competition within T destruens was demonstrated also. Reproductive success is controlled by the density of the galleries, which in turn is determined by the bark surface available for breeding.10aTomicus destruens1 aChakali, Gahdab  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/attack-strategy-bark-beetle-tomicus-destruens-wollaston-1865-coleoptera-scolytidae-aleppo-pine-semi01317nas a2200145   4500008004500000020001400045245013200059210006900191260000800260300001000268520072000278653002200998100001601020856013501036       2008                        Engldsh    a0870-387600aBIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF THE BARK BEETLE, TOMICUS DESTRUENS (WOLLASTON 1865) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN ALLEPO PINE OF ALGERIA0 aBIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF THE BARK BEETLE TOMICUS DESTRUENS WOLLA  cDec  a35-423 aThe aim of this work is to elucidate further details of the biology, feeding behaviour and ecology of the bark beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston, 1865). In recent years, this species has caused considerable damage to pine plantations in Algeria, especially its main host Aleppo pine, Pinus halepensis growing in arid areas. The results showed that the beetle has one generation per year, from April to the beginning of October; adults disperse and cause primary damage by colonizing new shoots and branches of host trees growing close to the reproduction site. By the end of autumn and during the winter, females cause secondary damage by oviposition into constructed galleries between host pine bark and sapwood.10aTomicus destruens1 aChakali, G.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/biology-and-behaviour-bark-beetle-tomicus-destruens-wollaston-1865-coleoptera-scolytidae-allepo-pine01593nas a2200181   4500008004100000020002500041245014600066210006900212260000900281300000800290490000900298520097400307653001801281653002401299100001401323700001801337856005601355       2012                        eng d  a0033-2615; 1687-743800aPerformance of Tomicus yunnanensis and Tomicus minor (Col., Scolytinae) on Pinus yunnanensis and Pinus armandii in Yunnan, Southwestern China0 aPerformance of Tomicus yunnanensis and Tomicus minor Col Scolyti  c2012  a1-60 v20123 aPine shoot beetles, Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall and Faccoli and Tomi cus minor Hartig (Col., Scolytinae), have been causing substantial mortality to Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis Franch) in Yunnan, southwestern China, whereas only a few Armand pine (Pinus armandii Franch) were attacked by the beetles. In order to evaluate the suitability of P. armandii as host material for the two Tomi cus, adults of both Tomi cus were caged on living branches and felled logs of the two pines during shoot feeding and trunk attack phase, respectively. More beetles survived on the living branches of P. yunnanensis than on P. armandii. Tomi cus yunnanensis and T. minor produced similar progeny in the logs of the two pines. The sex ratio and developmental period were not affected by host species, but the brood beetles emerging from Armand pine weighed less than those from Yunnan pine, suggesting that P. armandii are less suitable to be host of T. yunnanensis and T. minor.10aTomicus minor10aTomicus yunnanensis1 aZhao, Tao1 aLangstrom, Bo  uhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/psyche/2012/363767/01910nas a2200241   4500008004100000020002500041245011300066210006900179260000900248300000900257490000900266520116700275653001801442653002401460100001901484700001801503700001601521700002001537700001701557700001901574700001901593856005601612       2012                        eng d  a0033-2615; 1687-743800aCoexistence and Competition between Tomicus yunnanensis and T. minor (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) in Yunnan Pine0 aCoexistence and Competition between Tomicus yunnanensis and T mi  c2012  a6pp.0 v20123 aCompetition and cooperation between bark beetles, Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall and Faccoli and Tomicus minor (Hartig) (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) were examined when they coexisted together in living Yunnan pine trees (Pinus yunnanensis Franchet) in Yunnan province in Southwest China. T. yunnanensis bark beetles were observed to initiate dispersal from pine shoots to trunks in November, while the majority of T. minor begins to transfer in December. T. yunnanensis mainly attacks the top and middle parts of the trunk, whereas T. minor mainly resides in the lower and middle parts of the trunk. The patterns of attack densities of these two species were similar, but with T. yunnanensis colonizing the upper section of the trunk and T. minor the lower trunk. The highest attack density of T. Yunnanensis was 297 egg galleries/m2, and the highest attack density of T. minor was 305 egg galleries/m2 . Although there was significant overlap for the same bark areas, the two species generally colonize different areas of the tree, which reduces the intensity of competition for the relatively thin layer of phloem-cambium tissues where the beetles feed and reside.10aTomicus minor10aTomicus yunnanensis1 aLu, Rong, Chun1 aWang, Hongbin1 aZhang, Zhen1 aByers, John, A.1 aJin, You, Ju1 aWen, Hai, Feng1 aShi, Wen, Jian  uhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/psyche/2012/185312/02625nas a2200193   4500008004500000020001400045245022000059210006900279260001100348300001000359490000900369520192000378653001202298653002402310100002902334700002102363700001202384856003502396       2008                        Engldsh    a1175-532600aDescription of the Yunnan shoot borer, Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall & Faccoli sp. n. (Curculionidae, Scolytinae), an unusually aggressive pine shoot beetle from southern China, with a key to the species of Tomicus0 aDescription of the Yunnan shoot borer Tomicus yunnanensis Kirken  c9 July  a25-390 v18193 aWe describe a new and highly aggressive species of pine shoot beetle, Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall & Faccoli, which has been decimating Pinus yunnanensis forests in southwest China for almost three decades. This species was confused with T. piniperda until recent molecular studies showed the SW China populations to be quite divergent from T. piniperda of northeast China and Europe. The clearest morphological differences between these two species lie in the surface sculpture of the elytra: the new species has more widely spaced interstrial granules on the elytral disc, the punctures of interstria 2 on the declivity arranged irregularly and those of striae 1 and 3 smaller. The new species also has dense small hairs on the tip of the antennal club, while T. piniperda has only scattered small hairs on that segment. Mature T. piniperda specimens are uniformly black, while those of T. yunnanensis have the bulk of the elytra lighter than the base of the elytra and the pronotum. The new species is actually more similar to the Mediterranean species T. destruens, which differs in geographical distribution and in having the punctures of interstria 2 dense on the declivity and light-colored antennae. Species of Tomicus are of general concern to foresters because of their impact on conifer growth, but good illustrations for many species are lacking. We here provide a detailed key to all seven species of the genus (T. minor, T. piniperda, T. destruens, T. brevipilosus, T. yunnanensis and the virtually unknown T. puellus and T. pilifer) as well as diagnostic photographs and drawings. We summarize the biological differences between the new species and T. piniperda and recommend improved communication between taxonomists and forest entomologists, as avoidable taxonomic confusion such as that of T. yunnanensis and T. destruens with T. piniperda hinders the combatting of outbreaks of forest insects.10aTomicus10aTomicus yunnanensis1 aKirkendall, Lawrence, R.1 aFaccoli, Massimo1 aHui, Ye  uhttp://www.mapress.com/zootaxa01578nas a2200217   4500008004100000020002500041245009500066210006900161260001100230300001000241490000900251520093500260653002101195100001201216700001601228700001801244700001201262700001401274700001701288856005501305       2010                        eng d  a1175-5326; 1175-533400aTomicus armandii Li & Zhang (Curculionidae, Scolytinae), a new pine shoot borer from China0 aTomicus armandii Li Zhang Curculionidae Scolytinae a new pine sh  c20 Aug  a57-640 v25723 aWe describe a new species of forest bark beetle, Tomicus armandii Li & Zhang, collected from Pinus armandii in Yunnan, China. We used the D2 fragment of 28S rDNA to improve the taxonomy of Tomicus. The new species can easily be distinguished from the other Tomicus species using the following two morphological characters: punctures of interstria 2 on declivity appearing evenly biseriate or triseriate; erect interstrial setae on the declivity short, about 0.5x as long as distance between striae. The genetic distances of 28S rDNA measured between T. armandii and other species of Tomicus are similar to the distances between other Tomicus species, and these are much higher than intraspecific distances. The phylogenetic analysis of 28S rDNA agrees with the groupings obtained from morphological identification. DNA analysis has commonly been used in Tomicus taxonomy and is helpful for resolving taxon identification problems.10aTomicus armandii1 aLi, Xia1 aZhang, Zhen1 aWang, Hongbin1 aWu, Wei1 aCao, Peng1 aZhang, Peiyi  uhttp://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2010/2572.html