@article {12549,
	title = {Evaluation of quality protein maize genotypes for resistance to stored grain weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {27},
	number = {2},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {114-121},
	abstract = {The stored grain weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus), causes significant losses to maize grains in tropical countries. Despite the nutritional superiority of the quality protein maize (QPM), an important concern is the possible vulnerability of QPM genotypes to stored grain weevil infestation. In the present study, the responses of 24 QPM inbred lines, along with several non-QPM inbred lines and hybrids, were evaluated against S. oryzae under laboratory conditions. Two attributes, namely (i) \% weight loss in the grains after a fixed period of incubation with the insect and (ii) the number of progeny insects (insect multiplication) generated from six pairs of adult insects, were considered. A cumulative resistance index was computed for each genotype giving equal weight to both attributes. The study revealed DMRQPM-60 and CML167 as the most resistant entries. Shaktiman-1, the released QPM hybrid in India, showed moderate resistance against the grain weevil. However, most of the elite QPM inbred lines as well as some non-QPM inbred lines and hybrids were found to be highly susceptible to the weevil infestation. To explore the possible relationship between enhanced protein quality and varying degree of kernel vitreousness and vulnerability to the grain weevil infestation, both the QPM and the non-QPM genotypes were analysed. The correlations between kernel quality traits and kernel texture with \% kernel weight loss due to weevil infestation and insect multiplication were found to be non-significant, indicating possible influence of other factors, including pericarp thickness and endosperm composition, in determining the susceptibility of the QPM genotypes to S. oryzae. The study indicates that QPM genotypes are not necessarily susceptible to the stored grain weevil and identifies promising QPM genotypes with resistance to S. oryzae.},
	keywords = {Sitophilus oryzae},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Hossain, Firoz and Boddupalli, Prasanna M. and Sharma, Rakesh K. and Kumar, Pradyumn and Singh, Bir Bahadur}
}
@article {11526,
	title = {Efficacy of powdered maize cobs against the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored maize in Senegal},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {94-100},
	abstract = {Powdered maize cobs were tested as an alternative for pesticide use in stored maize. Five doses (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g/250 g seed) of powdered maize cobs applied at particle sizes of 1.4 and 0.4 mm diameter were compared with actellic powder against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky for 120 days. Mortality and survival data showed that cob powders did not act as fumigant but exerted a potent inhibition of progeny on direct contact with S. zeamais adults. The particle size of powdered cobs had no effect on maize damage and losses. At doses equal to or higher than 6 g powdered maize cobs/250 g grain maize, i.e. 2.4\% (w/w), damage to grain was <5\% and weight losses <1\%. The protection offered at the highest dose was comparable to the pesticide control. The use of powdered maize cobs is discussed as a natural alternative to synthetic pesticides for protection of maize against S. zeamais.},
	keywords = {Sitophilus zeamais},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Gueye, Momar Talla and Cissokho, Papa Seyni and Goergen, Georg and Ndiaye, Saliou and Seck, Dogo and Gueye, Goule and Wathelet, J. P. and Lognay, Georges}
}
@article {10955,
	title = {Naupactus curtus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) increasing the incidence of Ascochyta coffeae on Coffea arabica in Brazil},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	year = {2009},
	month = {September},
	pages = {169-170},
	abstract = {This is the first report of the weevil Naupactus curtus Boheman favouring Ascochyta disease on coffee plants in Brazil. From August to October 2008 (the period of N. curtus occurrence), six coffee crops were monitored with the evaluation of 565 coffee plants. Leaves showing injuries caused by N. curtus and Ascochyta coffeae strains were found in Ponte Nova and Jaboticatubas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A positive and significant correlation between the number of lesions caused by the weevil and those resulting from an infection by the Ascochyta disease was observed. These results suggest that insect control may be an alternative in order to reduce disease proliferation.},
	keywords = {Naupactus curtus},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Fernandes, Flavio Lemes and Picanco, Marcelo Coutinho and Zambolim, Laercio and Souza, Antonio Fernando and Queiroz, Renan Batista}
}
@article {10915,
	title = {Sequential sampling plan for area-wide management of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) in date palm plantations of Saudi Arabia},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {145-153},
	abstract = {A decision-making sampling plan was developed to initiate new and validate ongoing area-wide red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) integrated pest management (IPM) programmes in date palm plantations of Saudi Arabia based on the concept of sequential sampling. Spatial distribution studies revealed that R. ferrugineus population was aggregated and followed the negative binomial series with a mean aggregation index (common K) value of 3.56. In the sampling plan developed, young date palms are inspected in a sequence in units of 100 palms (1 ha) until an accurate decision on the infestation level can be made. The plan rates infestations as low and high if d0 <= 0.478n - 7.519 and d1 >= 0.478n + 7.519, respectively, where d0 and d1 are the cumulative maximum and minimum infested palms per ha (100 young palms) for not recommending and recommending area-wide management of R. ferrugineus, respectively, and n is the area sampled in ha. In this sampling plan, if 100 palms are inspected and eight or more infestations are detected, then area-wide R. ferrugineus IPM is required. On a 100 ha scale (10,000 palms) the plan becomes stricter and permits only 55 infestations.},
	keywords = {Rhynchophorus ferrugineus},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Faleiro, J. R. and Ben Abdallah, Abdallah and Kumar, J. Ashok and Shagagh, Abdallah and Al Abdan, Saad}
}
@article {9950,
	title = {Host location behaviour by two Cephalonomia spp. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) wasps associated with the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {28},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {December},
	pages = {179-184},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The host location behaviour of two closely related bethylid parasitoids was investigated under laboratory conditions. Although both species of parasitoid attack the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, they differ in their diet breadth. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, we investigated the behavioural responses of Cephalonomia stephanoderis (Betrem), a parasitoid with a narrower diet breadth, and Cephalonomia hyalinipennis (Ashmead), a parasitoid with a wider diet breadth, to the coffee-CBB complex volatiles. The results revealed that the responses differed for the two species. In single- and dual-choice tests, C. stephanoderis was attracted to volatiles emitted by CBB-infested coffee berries, dust/frass and CBB immature stages, whereas C. hyalinipennis was not attracted to any cues from plant-host complex offered.},
	keywords = {Hypothenemus hampei},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Chiu-Alvarado, Pilar and Rojas, Julio C.}
}
@article {9054,
	title = {Establishment of exotic parasitoids of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Colombia through farmer participatory research},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {24-31},
	abstract = {A participatory project was conducted with small-scale coffee growers from Quindio Department, Colombia. In 34 coffee lots in three municipalities, growers implemented an integrated management programme against the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, based on improved cultural harvesting and sanitation practices (to remove breeding habitats) and releases of exotic parasitoids. Growers released over 10 million Cephalonomia stephanoderis and 5 million Prorops nasuta (both Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) over 2 years. Populations of the CBB declined from a range of 7-14\% infested berries (Quimbaya), 10-13\% (Montenegro) and 15-48\% (Buenavista) prior to the integrated pest management programme, to an average of 2.1 [plus or minus] 0.2\% infested berries in Quimbaya, 3.5 [plus or minus] 0.2\% in Montenegro and 2.8 [plus or minus] 2.1\% in Buenavista, over the following 25 months. Damage to parchment coffee similarly declined during this period. Six months after the final release of parasitoids had been made, we found both parasitoid species established in all three municipalities. However, P. nasuta were recovered more frequently (in 71.4\% of lots where they were previously released) compared with C. stephanoderis (recovered in 30.8\% of release lots). Average parasitism rates remained low, i.e. 3.7\% for P. nasuta and 2.9\% for C. stephanoderis. This low rate was probably due to the frequent manual removal of mature berries containing developing parasitoid larvae. In addition, the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana was observed on average on 9.5\% adult CBB in Montenegro, compared with mean infection rates of 4.3 and 4.4\% in Quimbaya and Buenavista, respectively. Cultural harvesting and sanitation is an important component of CBB control, although it may limit the impact of the pest{\textquoteright}s parasitoids.},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Aristizabal, Luis F. and Salazar, Hugo M. and Mejia, Carlos G. and Jimenez, Mauricio and Bustillo, Alex E. and Arthurs, Steven P.}
}
@article {8940,
	title = {Evaluating a semi-synthetic diet for rearing the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {31},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {20-28},
	abstract = {Experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a semi-synthetic diet developed from locally available ingredients in Saudi Arabia for the laboratory rearing of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliv. The diet was developed based on existing literature, in addition to screening for a number of ingredients from locally available materials. Maize flour, wheat flour, shredded date palm frond tissue and distilled water were chosen as the final ingredients for the diet. Red palm weevils were successfully reared on this semi-synthetic diet and these ingredients were found capable of supporting larval development. However, larval weight decreased on this diet. The larval growth rate on the semi-synthetic diet was comparable to the standard growth rate achieved on date palm. One additional larval instar was observed on the diet. No significant differences were observed in the tested behavioural parameters between females fed the semi-synthetic diet versus those fed the natural diet. In conclusion, red palm weevils can be successfully reared on this semi-synthetic diet, and further optimization of it is warranted.},
	keywords = {Rhynchophorus ferrugineus},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Al-Ayedh, H. Y.}
}
@article {8557,
	title = {Influence of plant and residue age on attraction, acceptance and larval survival of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {29},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {171-179},
	abstract = {Laboratory trials were conducted in Uganda at the Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute to determine attraction, eclosion success and larval survivorship of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) on crop residues of different ages. In the first experiment, studies focused on different types and ages of residues of one susceptible highland banana clone {\textquoteright}Nabusa{\textquoteright} (genome group AAA-EA). Corms attracted 65\% of the test weevils, pseudostems 30\%, while 5\% were non-respondents. Oviposition levels and the number of eggs per female were higher on young than old corms. Eclosion rates of <1-day-old eggs inserted into corm pieces of residues (cultivar {\textquoteright}Kisansa{\textquoteright}, genome group AAA-EA) declined from 66\% in residues collected <2 days after harvest (DAH) to 58\% in residues collected >30 DAH. To assess immature survival, <1-day-old 1st instar larvae were put on banana corms of suckers and crop residues of the cultivar Kisansa in single rearing chambers. The number of surviving individuals was recorded at 3-day intervals until adults emerged. Survivorship was 12\% on sword suckers, 10\% on maiden suckers and 7\% on flowered plants; and 12\% on residues collected <2 DAH and 5\% on residues collected >30 DAH. Larval duration and mean days taken for adult emergence increased with plant and crop residue age. Females emerging from the different plant and residues treatments were similar in weight. The data suggest that all aged residues are suitable hosts for C. sordidus, suggesting that sanitation practices should be implemented soon after harvest.},
	keywords = {Cosmopolites sordidus},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Masanza, M. and Gold, C. S. and van Huis, A. and Ragama, P. E.}
}
@article {8550,
	title = {Geographic information system-based study to ascertain the spatial and temporal spread of red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in date plantations},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {108-115},
	abstract = {Red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier is a key pest of date palm in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since 1994, the Ministry of Agriculture has implemented a pheromone-based integrated pest management (IPM) strategy to control R. ferrugineus in the Kingdom. Geographic information system (GIS) technology can serve as a valuable tool to assess insect activity and in addition the impact of the control strategy. We used GIS-based techniques to ascertain the spatial and temporal spread of R. ferrugineus in 234 ha of date plantation in Al-Sohemia-1 in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. One hundred and fifty six pheromone (Ferrolure(TM)) traps in Al-Sohemia-1 were logged using the Trimble global positioning system to determine the east longitude and north latitude of each pheromone trap and transformed to the GIS as a shape file. The spatial and temporal variations for R. ferrugineus activity based on captures in pheromone traps were studied for each of the four seasons of the year and also year-wise during 2009 and 2010. Results revealed that during both 2009 and 2010, maximum weevil activity was recorded during late spring and early summer, with captures declining during autumn and winter. Spatial variations in the activity of R. ferrugineus indicated that in general 2009 registered lower weevil activity compared with 2010. Furthermore, most of the area exhibited medium to very high weevil activity in spring and summer during both 2009 and 2010, while most of the area recorded very low to low weevil activity during the autumn and winter seasons of both the years. The ongoing R. ferrugineus-IPM programme in Al-Ahsa needs to be strengthened in areas showing high to very high weevil activity.},
	keywords = {Rhynchophorus ferrugineus},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Massoud, M. A. and Sallam, A. A. and Faleiro, J. R. and Al-Abdan, S.}
}
@article {8486,
	title = {Natural enemies of balloon vine Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Sapindaceae) in Argentina and their potential use as biological control agents in South Africa},
	journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science},
	volume = {30},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {67-76},
	abstract = {Exploratory field surveys of the natural enemies associated with balloon vine Cardiospermum grandiflorum Swartz, an environmental weed in South Africa, Australia and other countries, were conducted in northern Argentina from 2005 to 2009. The surveys included other plant species in the genus Cardiospermum and other native Sapindaceae, permitting an assessment of the distribution and host range of the natural enemies. Seventeen phytophagous insects in five orders and ten families, and two fungal pathogens were found. The nature of the potential agents{\textquoteright} damage, their field distribution and abundance, and the results of preliminary host-specificity testing indicated that the seed-feeding weevil Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the fruit-galling midge Contarinia sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were the most promising biological control agents for C. grandiflorum outside of its native range.},
	keywords = {Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis},
	isbn = {1742-7584},
	author = {Mc Kay, Fernando and Oleiro, Marina and Fourie, Andries and Simelane, David}
}
