@article {11062,
	title = {Field host-specificity of the mile-a-minute weevil, Rhinoncomimus latipes Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)},
	journal = {Biological Control},
	volume = {55},
	number = {3},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {234-240},
	abstract = {The safe practice of biological control relies, in part, on an accurate evaluation of a potential agent{\textquoteright}s host-specificity via testing through a "filter of safety". The results of laboratory tests may differ from those obtained in open field host-specificity tests, where agents are able to use their full range of host-selection behaviors. It was hypothesized that Rhinoncomimus latipes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the biological control agent released against mile-a-minute weed, Persicaria perfoliata (Polygonaceae), would not feed or oviposit on nontarget plants in a two-phase, open field setting. Ten weevils were placed at the base of each of 13 test plant species in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. Weevils placed at the base of mile-a-minute weed were marked with yellow fluorescent dust, and yellow weevils were subsequently found only on mile-a-minute. Weevils placed at the base of nontarget plants (marked with red fluorescent dust) rapidly colonized mile-a-minute weed. Three hours after release, the number of R. latipes found on mile-a-minute weed was significantly higher than predicted by a random distribution of weevils on all test plants. The likelihood of finding more weevils on mile-a-minute compared to nontarget plant species was 31.0\% at 3 h and increased to 96.5\% at 44 h after release. Whereas prerelease studies showed feeding at low levels on 9 of the 13 plant species tested here, under open field conditions R. latipes did not feed on any nontarget plant species and dispersed from these plants. In an open field setting, where the weevil was able to use its full range of host-selection behaviors, there was no observed risk of nontarget effects for any species tested. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Rhinoncomimus latipes},
	isbn = {1049-9644},
	author = {Frye, Matthew J. and Lake, Ellen C. and Hough-Goldstein, Judith}
}
@article {11060,
	title = {Biology and preliminary host range assessment of two potential kudzu biological control agents},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {36},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	month = {December},
	pages = {1430-1440},
	abstract = {Two insect species from China, Gonioctena tredecimmaculata (Jacoby) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Ornatalcides (Mesalcidodes) trifidus (Pascoe) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were studied in quarantine in the United States as potential biological control agents for kudzu, Pueraria montana variety lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida. Adults of G. tredecimmaculata were ovoviviparous and reproduced throughout the summer, producing offspring that had an obligate adult diapause. In no-choice tests, adult and larval G. tredecimmaculata rejected most of the plant species tested, but consumed foliage and completed their life cycle on soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and on a native woodland plant, hog-peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata L. Fernald), which are in the same subtribe as kudzu (Glycininae). Insects showed similar responses to field- and greenhouse-grown soybean and kudzu foliage, despite measurable differences in leaf traits: field-grown foliage of both plants had greater leaf toughness, higher total carbon content, higher trichome density, and lower water content than greenhouse foliage. O. trifidus adults also rejected most of the plants tested but fed on and severely damaged potted soybean and hog-peanut plants in addition to kudzu. Further tests in China are needed to determine whether these species will accept nontarget host plants under open-field conditions.},
	keywords = {Ornatalcides trifidus},
	isbn = {0046-225X},
	author = {Frye, Matthew J. and Hough-Goldstein, Judith and Sun, Jiang-Hua}
}
